Ethylene chlorohydrin Selective dehydrochlorination

Rapid gas chromatographic determination of ethylene oxide, ethylene chlorohydrin, and ethylene glycol residues in rubber catheters.

Isothermal gas chromatography with flame ionization detection was used to determine residual ethylene oxide (EtO), ethylene chlorohydrin, and ethylene glycol in soft rubber catheters that had been sterilized with EtO. Catheter samples were extracted by shaking with carbon disulfide, and the extract was analyzed on a 3% Carbowax 20M on 80-100 mesh Chromosorb 101 column, using nitrogen as the carrier gas. Ten replicate injections of a mixed standards solution gave coefficients of variation of 1.91, 1.23, and 4.74% for EtO, ethylene chlorohydrin, and ethylene glycol, respectively. A linear response was obtained with concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 7.9 micrograms EtO, 14.0 to 88.0 micrograms ethylene chlorohydrin, and 31.0 to 98.5 micrograms ethylene glycol. The proposed method detected as little as 0.5, 5.0, and 16.5 ng EtO, ethylene chlorohydrin, and ethylene glycol, respectively.

Selective dehydrochlorination of ethylene chlorohydrin over acid-proof basic catalysts recovering dry hydrogen chloride

The influence of the interfacial gradients on the performance of a fixed bed adiabatic catalytic reactor cannot generally be determined only at the reactor inlet conditions because the magnitude of the gradients vary along the reactor. A very simple method for the estimation from inlet conditions of the maximum interfacial temperature gradient is developed. A very good agreement with values obtained from the numerical solution of the balance equations is found. An analysis of the relative importance of the interfacial concentration and temperature gradients is also carried out. A parameter Lm, that is a good measure of the influence of each one of these gradients in the reactor, is introduced.